Custom Rule Action

Rule Actions are Used to Integrate External Systems to Squidex, Learn How to Extend the Rule System Using Custom Actions

We will use the WebhookAction as an example to show you the basic principles.

Step 1: Get Ready

To get started with your first rule action you might want to gain an understanding about the rule system first. Please read the following document before you continue:

Rules

Step 2. Define Your Action Class

In the first step, let's define an action class.

The action class has several purposes:

  1. It provides general metadata, such as the name of the action.

  2. It holds all configuration values for your rule action.

  3. It is used to automatically create the editor that is then used to create or edit an action.

Let's have a look at the WebhookAction:

[RuleAction(
    Title = "Webhook",
    IconImage = "<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 28 28'><path d='M5.95 27.125h-.262C1.75 26.425 0 23.187 0 20.3c0-2.713 1.575-5.688 5.075-6.563V9.712c0-.525.35-.875.875-.875s.875.35.875.875v4.725c0 .438-.35.787-.7.875-2.975.438-4.375 2.8-4.375 4.988s1.313 4.55 4.2 5.075h.175a.907.907 0 0 1 .7 1.05c-.088.438-.438.7-.875.7zM21.175 27.387c-2.8 0-5.775-1.662-6.65-5.075H9.712c-.525 0-.875-.35-.875-.875s.35-.875.875-.875h5.512c.438 0 .787.35.875.7.438 2.975 2.8 4.288 4.988 4.375 2.188 0 4.55-1.313 5.075-4.2v-.088a.908.908 0 0 1 1.05-.7.908.908 0 0 1 .7 1.05v.088c-.612 3.85-3.85 5.6-6.737 5.6zM21.525 18.55c-.525 0-.875-.35-.875-.875v-4.813c0-.438.35-.787.7-.875 2.975-.438 4.288-2.8 4.375-4.987 0-2.188-1.313-4.55-4.2-5.075h-.088c-.525-.175-.875-.613-.787-1.05s.525-.788 1.05-.7h.088c3.938.7 5.688 3.937 5.688 6.825 0 2.713-1.662 5.688-5.075 6.563v4.113c0 .438-.438.875-.875.875zM1.137 6.737H.962c-.438-.087-.788-.525-.7-.963v-.087c.7-3.938 3.85-5.688 6.737-5.688h.087c2.712 0 5.688 1.662 6.563 5.075h4.025c.525 0 .875.35.875.875s-.35.875-.875.875h-4.725c-.438 0-.788-.35-.875-.7-.438-2.975-2.8-4.288-4.988-4.375-2.188 0-4.55 1.313-5.075 4.2v.087c-.088.438-.438.7-.875.7z'/><path d='M7 10.588c-.875 0-1.837-.35-2.538-1.05a3.591 3.591 0 0 1 0-5.075C5.162 3.851 6.037 3.5 7 3.5s1.838.35 2.537 1.05c.7.7 1.05 1.575 1.05 2.537s-.35 1.837-1.05 2.538c-.7.612-1.575.963-2.537.963zM7 5.25c-.438 0-.875.175-1.225.525a1.795 1.795 0 0 0 2.538 2.538c.35-.35.525-.788.525-1.313s-.175-.875-.525-1.225S7.525 5.25 7 5.25zM21.088 23.887a3.65 3.65 0 0 1-2.537-1.05 3.591 3.591 0 0 1 0-5.075c.7-.7 1.575-1.05 2.537-1.05s1.838.35 2.537 1.05c.7.7 1.05 1.575 1.05 2.538s-.35 1.837-1.05 2.537c-.787.7-1.662 1.05-2.537 1.05zm0-5.337c-.525 0-.963.175-1.313.525a1.795 1.795 0 0 0 2.537 2.538c.35-.35.525-.788.525-1.313s-.175-.963-.525-1.313-.787-.438-1.225-.438zM20.387 10.588c-.875 0-1.837-.35-2.537-1.05S16.8 7.963 16.8 7.001s.35-1.837 1.05-2.538c.7-.612 1.662-.962 2.537-.962s1.838.35 2.538 1.05c1.4 1.4 1.4 3.675 0 5.075-.7.612-1.575.963-2.538.963zm0-5.338c-.525 0-.962.175-1.313.525s-.525.788-.525 1.313.175.962.525 1.313c.7.7 1.838.7 2.538 0s.7-1.838 0-2.538c-.263-.438-.7-.612-1.225-.612zM7.087 23.887c-.875 0-1.837-.35-2.538-1.05s-1.05-1.575-1.05-2.537.35-1.838 1.05-2.538c.7-.612 1.575-.962 2.538-.962s1.837.35 2.538 1.05c1.4 1.4 1.4 3.675 0 5.075-.7.612-1.575.962-2.538.962zm0-5.337c-.525 0-.962.175-1.313.525s-.525.788-.525 1.313.175.963.525 1.313a1.794 1.794 0 1 0 2.538-2.537c-.263-.438-.7-.612-1.225-.612z'/></svg>",
    IconColor = "#4bb958",
    Display = "Send webhook",
    Description = "Send events like ContentPublished to your webhook.",
    ReadMore = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webhook")]
public sealed class WebhookAction : RuleAction
{
    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "Url", Description = "The url to the webhook.")]
    [DataType(DataType.Text)]
    [Formattable]
    public Uri Url { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Shared Secret", Description = "The shared secret that is used to calculate the signature.")]
    [DataType(DataType.Text)]
    public string SharedSecret { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Payload", Description = "The optional custom request payload.")]
    [DataType(DataType.MultilineText)]
    [Formattable]
    public string Payload { get; set; }
}

Metadata

The metadata is provided with the [RuleAction] attribute and is mainly used in the Management UI.

You need to provide the following information:

MetadataDescription

(1) Icon

The icon as an SVG document. It must be white only.

(1) IconColor

The background color for your icon.

(2) Display

A display name that describes what the action does.

(3) Title

A title that describes the system that is integrated.

(4) Description

A short description about the action

(5) ReadMore

An optional link to additional information, e.g. the website of the integrated solution.

Configuration Values and Editors

The properties of your action class hold the configuration values. You can only use primitives that can be serialized to JSON, such as string, bool or int.

Each property can also have a:

Name (1)

An optional name that is shown as label.

[Display(Name = "My Name")]

Description (2)

An optional description that is rendered after the input field.

[Display(Description = "My Description.")]

Formattable Hint (3)

A hint that describes whether the property supports formatting via scripting or placeholders. More about this later.

[Formattable]

Required Hint (4)

A hint that the property is required. This will add validation to the API and the Management UI.

[Required]

Data Type

An optional data type to define the HTML control that is used:

ControlWhen

Checkbox

Used when the type of the property is boolor bool?.

Number Input

Used when the type of the property is int or int?.

URL Input

Used with with the attribute

[Editor(RuleFieldEditor.Url)].

Password Input

Used with the attribute

[Editor(RuleFieldEditor.Password)].

Email Input

Used with the attribute

[Editor(RuleFieldEditor.Email)].

Text Area

Used with the attribute

[Editor(RuleFieldEditor.TextArea)].

Input

For all other cases.

Step 3: Develop Your Action Handler

As you know from the documentation concerning the rule system, the rules are executed in two steps:

  1. The event is converted to a job that includes all formatted data.

  2. The job is then executed.

We see this structure in the action handlers:

public sealed class WebhookActionHandler :
    RuleActionHandler<WebhookAction, WebhookJob>
{
    public WebhookActionHandler(RuleEventFormatter formatter)
        : base(formatter)
    {
    }
    protected override (string Description, WebhookJob Data) 
        CreateJob(EnrichedEvent @event, WebhookAction action)
    {
       // Step 1: Create job.
    }
    protected override async Task<Result> 
        ExecuteJobAsync(WebhookJob job, CancellationToken ct = default)
    {
       // Step 2: Execute job
    }
}

public sealed class WebhookJob
{
    public string RequestUrl { get; set; }
    public string RequestBody { get; set; }
}

The WebhookJob contains all data that we want to store in the database and is a simplified version in this example.

Create the Job

The first method we need to override is used to create the job:

protected override (string Description, WebhookJob Data) 
     CreateJob(EnrichedEvent @event, WebhookAction action)
{
    var requestUrl = Format(action.Url, @event);
    var ruleDescription = $"Send event to webhook '{requestUrl}'";
    var ruleJob = new WebhookJob
    {
        RequestUrl = Format(action.Url.ToString(), @event),
        RequestBody = Format(action.Payload, @event)
    };
    return (ruleDescription, ruleJob);
}

As you can see, we create the job from the passed in action and also provide a short description about what we've done. We use the Format method to call the RuleEventFormatter that has been passed in via the constructor to apply formatting rules to our configuration values.

Whenever we do this, we must add the [Formattable] attribute to the properties to point out this behavior to the end users.

Execute the Job

The second method is used to execute the job. We do not have access to our original configuration values anymore, therefore it is important to add all required information to the job:

protected override async Task<Result>
    ExecuteJobAsync(WebhookJob job, CancellationToken ct = default)
{
    try
    {
        await HTTP(job.RequestUrl, job.RequestBody, ct);
		
	return Result.Success("My Request Dump");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        return Result.Failed(ex, "My Request Dump");
    }
}

In this case, make an HTTP call with the provided request URL and body. We have to return a result object to indicate whether our job was successful or not.

Either way, exceptions are always handled but using the approach above we can provide an optional request dump with all necessary information to make debugging easy. This type of request dump should contain the request body and response or headers.

The passed in cancellation token should be used to handle timeouts correctly and the cancel long running requests when they have exceeded the allowed execution limit.

Step 4: Register the Rule Action

We are almost done! Now, let's register the rule action, so for that, write a custom plugin:

public sealed class WebhookPlugin : IPlugin
{
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services, IConfiguration config)
    {
        services.AddRuleAction<WebhookAction, WebhookActionHandler>();
    }
}

That's it!

If you have written a custom rule action for a public system, like an SaaS solution, you can provide your implementation as a pull request.

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